ADDIS ABABA

# Addis Ababa: The Vibrant and Diverse Capital of Ethiopia

Addis Ababa (Amharic: አዲስ አበባ, meaning "new flower") is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia, as well as the diplomatic hub of Africa. It is situated at the heart of the country, on a highland plateau surrounded by mountains and hills. It has a moderate and pleasant climate throughout the year, with an average temperature of 23°C. Addis Ababa is a city of contrasts, where ancient traditions coexist with modern developments, where cultural diversity meets artistic creativity, and where historical landmarks blend with natural beauty. Here are some of the highlights of Addis Ababa that you can discover:

## The History and Culture of Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa was founded in 1886 by Emperor Menelik II and his wife Empress Taytu Betul, who chose the site for its abundant natural springs and scenic views. It became the capital of Ethiopia in 1889, and soon attracted foreign visitors, traders, and diplomats. Addis Ababa witnessed many historical events, such as the Italian occupation (1936-1941), the establishment of the Organization of African Unity (1963), and the overthrow of the monarchy (1974). Today, Addis Ababa is home to more than 3 million people from different ethnic groups, religions, and backgrounds, making it a melting pot of cultures and languages.

Addis Ababa is also a cultural and artistic centre of Ethiopia, where you can experience the rich and diverse heritage of the country. You can visit museums such as the Ethnological Museum, which showcases the customs, crafts, and lifestyles of various Ethiopian communities; the National Museum, which displays archaeological and historical artifacts, including the famous fossil of Lucy; and the Red Terror Martyrs Memorial Museum, which commemorates the victims of the brutal regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam.³  You can also admire the architecture and art of religious buildings such as St. George Cathedral, Holy Trinity Cathedral, and Bete Maryam Mausoleum.³ 

The Food and Drinks of Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa is a great place to sample Ethiopian cuisine, which is known for its spicy and flavorful dishes. The staple food is injera, a large sourdough flatbread made from teff flour, which is used to scoop up various stews called wat. Some of the most popular dishes include tibs (pan-fried beef or lamb with butter and spices), kitfo (minced raw beef with butter and chili), shiro (chickpea or bean puree with onion and tomato), and doro wat (chicken stew with hard-boiled eggs). For vegetarians, there is beyainatu, a platter of different vegetable dishes arranged on injera. 

Ethiopia is also famous for its coffee culture, which dates back to the 9th century. In Addis Ababa, you can enjoy a traditional coffee ceremony, where coffee beans are roasted, ground, and brewed in a clay pot called jebena. The coffee is served in small cups with sugar or salt, accompanied by popcorn or bread. The ceremony is a social ritual that involves hospitality and conversation.  Other beverages that you can try in Addis Ababa include tella (a traditional beer made from fermented grains), tej (a honey wine made from fermented honey and herbs), and spriss (a refreshing drink made from layered fruit juices). 

## The Attractions and Activities of Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa offers many attractions and activities for visitors who want to explore the city and its surroundings. You can visit the Merkato, one of the largest open-air markets in Africa, where you can find everything from spices to electronics to souvenirs.³ You can also see the Lion of Judah Monument, a symbol of Ethiopia's monarchy that was returned from Italy after World War II.³ You can also enjoy nature at Entoto Hill, where you can hike or bike along scenic trails and enjoy panoramic views of the city.

If you want to venture outside Addis Ababa, you can take day trips to nearby attractions such as Washa Mikael Church, a rock-hewn church dating back to the 12th century; Tiya Archaeological Site, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that features ancient stone stelae with mysterious carvings; or Debre Libanos Monastery, one of the most important religious sites in Ethiopia.

Addis Ababa is a city that will surprise you with its diversity,

Source: Conversation with Bing, 01/06/2023